IP Security commonly known as IPsec addresses the challenges of sending information securely over an unsecure transport IP network, such as the public internet.
IPsec guarantees confidentiality by using encryption, data integrity using hashing algorithm to detect any modification made to the data in transit, authentication by using pre-shared key or digital signature to properly identify authorized peer, and anti-reply by assigning and tracking the unique sequence number of the IPsec packets.
The illustration below shows a summary of IPsec main components.
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